This course introduces the phonetics and phonology of human languages, emphasizing Modern Greek. Phonetics is the study of how the sounds of the world’s languages are produced and perceived, while phonology is the study of how these sounds are categorized, contrasted, and organized into larger structures in each language. After finishing the course, students are expected to be able to recognize and describe the specific linguistic terms found in phonetics and phonology, to describe the organs of speech and their mechanism to produce the speech sounds, to transcribe speech using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), to clarify the distinctive features of the speech sounds, to describe basic phonological phenomena and rules in Modern Greek, and to describe the role of phonology in language learning.